负面清单 A Negative-List Approach
负面清单是一种国际上广泛采用的投资准入管理制度。政府以清单方式明确列出禁止和限制企业投资经营的行业、领域、业务等。清单以外则充分开放，企业只要按法定程序注册登记即可开展投资经营活动，凡法律没有禁止的，市场主体皆可为之。
推行负面清单制度，是中国政府治理模式的重大转变，体现了"规范公权、保障私权"的法治理念。
A negative-list approach is a standard international practice in soliciting investment. A negative list identifies the industries, sectors, and businesses that are closed or partially closed to corporate investment and other activities. Those not covered are open to these activities as long as the registration requirements prescribed by law are complied with. Market entities can do anything that is not prohibited by law.
The introduction of this approach marks a major change in China's governance mindset. It represents a further step in promoting the rule of law by regulating public power and protecting private rights.
